CRITICAL MINERAL COMMODITIES FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE-BATTERIES

CRITICAL MINERALS FOR BATTERIES

Batteries play an important supporting role for renewable energy source like wind and solar, allowing excess power to be stored for usage when direct solar or wind power are unavailable. Just like the energy sources they complement, modern batteries rely on critical mineral commodities, particularly Lithium, Cobalt, Manganese, and Graphite.

LITHIUM

Lithium is the first of the alkalis in the periodic table. In nature, it is found like a mixture of the isotopes Li6 and Li7. It is the lightest solid metal, it is soft, silvery-white with a low melting point and reactive. Many of its physical and chemical properties are more similar to those of the alkaline earth metals than to those of its own group.

Lithium has a long history in batteries and is a common materials used in batteries today.In 2018, the United States was more than 50% reliant on foreign sources for lithium.

COBALT

Cobalt is a hard ferromagnetic, silver white, hard, lustrous, brittle element. It is a member of group VIII of the periodic table like iron, it can be magnetized. It is similar to iron and nickel in its physical properties. The element is active chemically, forming many compounds. Cobalt is stable in air and unaffected by water, but it is slowly attacked by dilute acids.

On global basis, the leading use of cobalt is in rechargeable battery electrodes. In 2018, the United States relied on foreign sources for 61% of the cobalt it consumed.

MANGANESE

Manganese is a pinkish-gray, chemically active element. It is a hard metal and is very brittle. It is hard to melt, but easily oxidized. Manganese is reactive when pure, and as a powder it will burn in oxygen,it reacts with water(it rusts like iron) and dissolve in dilute acids.

Manganese serves as an electrode in many lithium batteries.The United States was 100% reliant on foreign sources for manganese in 2018.

GRAPHITE

It is a naturally occurring form of crystalline carbon. It is a native element mineral found in metamorphic and igneous rocks. Graphite is a mineral of extremes. It is extremely soft, cleaves with very high pressure, and has a very low specific gravity, it is extremely resistant to heat and nearly inert in contact with almost any other material.

Graphite serves as an electrode in many lithium batteries .In 2018, the United States was 100% reliant on foreign sources for graphite.

 

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  2. Good afternoon!

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    7.Fifty percent of corporate electronic addresses are located on free mail systems, they are not very “searchable” by e-mail address, but when sending mailing by feedback forms through these mail systems, all messages are 100-percent delivered to the recipients.

    8. Only thirty-forty percent of organisations are published in the directories within 2-3 years, and the rest are already placed in our VOIS databases and are waiting for your business offers.
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    When sending mailing by contact forms, you will will be absolutely sure that your message has been delivered to 100-percent of users of your service and product and if a product or service is “badly promoted”, then the potential problem lies in in something else, for example in price.
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    9. By ordering mailing by feedback forms, you are promoting your product or service not to separate people, but to entire collectives, for example domain .com, where more than 150 million business firms from all over the world are accumulated (we have samples of them from all international zones for every country).

    10. Mailing by contact forms is also a type of text mailing
    Electronic address that is linked to the feedback form is the main electronic address of businesses through which orders and business offers are sent. This mail is also set up for phones as it is necessary to respond to the information very fast so as not to lose the application or the relevance of the commercial offer.

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    Sanctions of search engines and mail systems?
    These mailings are an alternative to sending e-mail newsletters, therefore search sanctions and “BAN” do not apply to them.
    Mail delivers the data of letters to the inbox folder, as it bypasses through the “warm channel” from the new IP address of the internet resource to the corporate e-mail of the same internet resource.
    In simple language, these mailings “live in letters” and e-mail filters do not react to them, because mail systems have great trust in communication channels between websites and corporate mailboxes.

    OUR DATABASES:
    You can purchase our databases separately from the mailing by sending us a request by contact form.

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    HOW TO MAKE AN PROMOTIONAL OFFER FOR MAILING BY CONTACT FORMS:
    The simplest text of the message + a few headings, the main goal is to interest the potential client, and they will read the rest on your website.
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    The headings are substituted by a carousel from .txt file.
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    In the letter:
    Text without pictures, since pictures do not pass through the feedback form.
    Your contact details:
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    Fields to fill in:
    Name:
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    Internet resource:
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